Standard
products
Information
about our pulse compression Gratings...
When
ordering a grating, please use the following example format below, or
choose from the standard
PC grating stock list...
PC
1200 W x H x Thk 800 nm (TM/-1) constant deviation 8°
| 1. |
PC
stands for pulse compression |
| 2. |
1200
is the groove density (groove frequency) in grooves/mm |
| 3. |
W
is the blank dimension in mm parallell with the grating grooves |
| 4. |
H
is the blank dimension in mm perpendicular to the grating grooves |
| 5. |
Thk
is the blank thickness in mm |
| 6. |
800
nm is the desired optimized wavelength. A range or range with peaked
wavelength can also be specified |
| 7. |
(TM/-1)
is desired polarization state and diffraction order the grating
should be optimized for. TE and average (TM+TE)/2 can also be specified |
| 8. |
Constant deviation 8° is the configuration the grating should
be optimized for. Constant incidence angle can also be specified |
Standard tolerances on W, H, Dia: ± 0.2 mm Thk ± 0.5 mm
CA > 90 % of blank size
Standard
Pulse Compression gratings Type PC, specified by combining from:
Grooves/mm |
Sizes |
Wavelength
range |
Configuration |
0600
0900
1200
1400
1500
1600
1700
1800
2000
2100
2200
2300 |
25
x 25 x 6 mm
30 x 30 x 6 mm
30 x 64 x 10 mm
30 x 75 x 16 mm
30 x 110 x 16 mm
50 x 50 x 10 mm
50 x 110 x 16 mm
58 x 58 x 10 mm
64 x 64 x 10 mm
90 x 90 x 16 mm
110 x 110 x 16 mm
120 x 140 x 20 mm |
NIR
750-1064 nm
@ 790 nm
@ 800 nm
@ 920 nm
@ 1032 nm
@ 1047nm
@ 1053 nm
@ 1064 nm |
Typical near Littrow
dev 8°, (TM/-1)
|
Other specifications available on request, contact our sales department!
Note:
The absolute efficiency curves shown are only representative for the
stated geometry and wavelength(s) and can vary depending on use geometry
and measurement technique *)
Grating stock list (subject to prior sales):
Art
no |
Description |
Optimised
for (nm)
see curve *) |
Deviation
(Deg)
see
curve *) |
Min
efficiency
% (TM/-1) |
| 715.000143 |
PC
0300 50x50x10 NIR |
800 |
8 |
25 |
715.000203
715.703.080
715.701.890
715.703.560
715.701.910 |
PC
0600 30x30x6 NIR
PC 0600 30x30x6 1550 nm
PC 0600 50x50x10 NIR
PC 0600 50x50x10 1550 nm
PC 0600 50x110x16 NIR |
800
1550
1600
1550
1600 |
8
8
16
8
16 |
29
90
90
90
90 |
715.703.070
715.703.060
715.000215
715.703.450
715.703.440
715.703.130
715.703.210
715.703.090
715.000121
715.703.550 |
PC 0900 30x30x6 NIR
PC 0900 30x30x6 NIR
PC 0900 30x30x6 NIR
PC 0900 30x30x6 1350 nm
PC 0900 30x110x16 1350 nm
PC 0900 30x30x6 1550 nm
PC 0900 30x64x10 1550 nm
PC 0900 30x110x16 1550 nm
PC 0900 50x50x10 NIR
PC 0900 50x50x10 1550 nm
|
800
1032
1060
1350
1350
1550
1550
1550
1047
1550 |
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8 |
75
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90 |
715.000031
715.703.200
715.702.240
715.703.500 |
PC
1100 25x25x6 NIR
PC 1100 50x50x10 NIR
PC 1100 30x110x16 NIR
PC 1100 110x110x16 NIR |
1550
1550
800
800 |
8
8
8
8 |
90
90
88
88 |
715.000046
715.702.200
715.702.940
715.701.120
715.701.200
715.703.410
715.700.550
715.702.740
715.700.640
715.000075
715.702.150
715.700.630
715.701.320
715.000269
715.700.620
715.700.460
715.703.280
715.700.580
715.701.220
715.701.430 |
PC
1200 25x25x6 NIR
PC 1200 25x25x6 NIR
PC 1200 30x30x6 1550 nm
PC 1200 30x30x6 NIR
PC 1200 30x64x10 NIR
PC 1200 30x64x10 1035 nm
PC 1200 30x110x16 NIR
PC 1200 30x110x16 NIR
PC 1200 50x50x10 NIR
PC 1200 50x50x10 NIR
PC 1200 58x58x10 NIR
PC 1200 50x110x16 NIR
PC 1200 50x110x16 NIR
PC 1200 50x140x20 NIR
PC 1200 64x64x10 NIR
PC 1200 90x90x16 NIR
PC 1200 100x140x20 NIR
PC 1200 110x110x16 NIR
PC 1200 120x140x20 NIR
PC 1200 120x140x20 NIR (U) |
800
1047
1550
800
800
1035
800
1550
800
1250
800
800
800
800
800
800
800
800
800
800 |
8
37
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
14
8
8
8
8
8
8
8 |
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90 |
| 715.000248 |
PC 1250 30x64x10 1040 nm |
1040 |
8 |
90 |
715.703.190
715.702.620
715.700.720
715.701.760
715.702.840
715.000192
715.000217
715.703.260
715.703.620
715.703.240
715.000061 |
PC
1400 25x25x6 NIR
PC 1400 30x30x6 NIR
PC 1400 30x110x16 NIR
PC 1400 30x110x16 NIR
PC 1400 50x50x10 NIR
PC 1400 50x110x16 NIR
PC 1400 60x120x20 NIR
PC 1400 64x64x10 NIR
PC 1400 90x90x16 NIR
PC 1400 110x110x16 NIR
PC 1400 120x140x20 NIR |
800
800
800
800
800
800
800
800
800
800
800 |
8
12
15
8
8
8
21
8
8
15
12 |
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90 |
715.702.590
715.701.470
715.703.110
715.000041
715.000011
715.701.380
715.703.510
715.702.470
715.701.750
715.703.610
715.702.040
715.000064
715.701.660
715.701.940 |
PC
1500 30x30x6 NIR
PC 1500 30x110x16 800 nm
PC 1500 30x110x16 1030 nm
PC 1500 50x50x10 NIR
PC 1500 50x50x10 NIR
PC 1500 50x110x16 800
PC 1500 50x110x16 NIR (Z)
PC 1500 50x140x20 NIR
PC 1500 64x64x10 NIR
PC 1500 100x140x20 NIR
PC 1500 100x140x20 NIR
PC 1500 110x110x16 NIR
PC 1500 120x140x20 NIR
PC 1500 120x140x20 NIR (U) |
800
800
1030
1200
800
800
800
800
800
800
800
800
800
800 |
55
8
8
8
13
8
8
13
8
8
33
8
8
8 |
85
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90 |
715.000152
715.000035
715.700.350
715.000153
715.000115
715.000151 |
PC
1600 25x25x6 NIR
PC 1600 30x64x10 NIR
PC 1600 30x110x16 NIR
PC 1600 50x50x10 NIR
PC 1600 110x110x16 NIR
PC 1600 120x140x20 NIR |
800
800
800
750
1053
800 |
8
8
15
20
8
8 |
90
90
90
90
90
90 |
715.000204
715.702.400
715.702.960
715.702.970
715.702.650
715.701.680
715.703.230 |
PC
1700 25x25x6 NIR
PC 1700 30x30x6 NIR
PC 1700 30x64x10 NIR
PC 1700 30x64x10 VIS
PC 1700 50x110x16 NIR
PC 1700 64x64x10 800 nm
PC 1700 64x64x10 1053 nm |
800
1053
800
633
1040
800
1053 |
8
8
30
30
8
8
8 |
90
90
90
79
90
90
90 |
| 715.701.880 |
PC
1740 64x64x10 NIR |
1053 |
8 |
90 |
715.000019
715.701.140
715.702.510
715.000058
715.702.520
715.703.120
715.700.450
715.702.530
715.000057
715.700.800
715.000102
715.000181
715.700.600
715.703.570
715.000103
715.000138
715.000266
715.000202
715.700.560
715.000139
715.000068
715.700.590
715.000148
715.701.150
715.702.180 |
PC
1800 25x25x6 NIR
PC 1800 30x30x6 NIR
PC 1800 30x30x6 NIR
PC 1800 30x30x6 NIR
PC 1800 30x64x10 NIR
PC 1800 30x64x10 1060 nm
PC 1800 30x110x16 NIR
PC 1800 30x110x16 NIR
PC 1800 30x110x16 NIR
PC 1800 50x50x10 NIR
PC 1800 50x50x10 NIR
PC 1800 50x50x10 NIR
PC 1800 50x110x16 NIR
PC 1800 50x110x16 800 nm
PC 1800 50x110x16 NIR
PC 1800 50x110x16 NIR
PC 1800 50x140x20 NIR
PC 1800 50x140x20 NIR
PC 1800 64x64x10 NIR
PC 1800 64x64x10 NIR
PC 1800 100x140x20 NIR
PC 1800 110x110x16 NIR
PC 1800 110x110x16 NIR
PC 1800 120x140x20 NIR
PC 1800 120x140x20 NIR (U) |
800
800
1030
1047
1030
1060
800
1030
1047
800
1030
1064
800
800
1030
1053
800
1030
800
1053
800
800
1054
800
800 |
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
16
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8 |
90
90
86
90
86
85
90
86
90
90
86
85
90
90
86
82
90
86
90
82
90
90
82
90
90 |
715.000218
715.703.270
715.701.920
715.000087
715.700.470
715.701.580
715.700.570
715.700.920
715.700.820
715.701.330
715.000180
715.700.830
715.000069
715.000084
715.701.710 |
PC
2000 25x25x6 VIS
PC
2000 25x25x6 NIR
PC 2000 30x30x6 NIR
PC 2000 30x30x6 VIS
PC 2000 30x64x10 NIR
PC 2000 30x75x16 800 nm
PC 2000 30x110x16 NIR
PC 2000 30x110x16 NIR
PC 2000 50x50x10 NIR
PC 2000 50x110x16 NIR
PC 2000 50x110x16 VIS-NIR
PC 2000 64x64x10 NIR
PC 2000 100x140x20 NIR
PC 2000 110x110x16 NIR
PC 2000 120x140x20 NIR |
400
800
800
600
800
800
800
800
800
800
630
800
800
800
800 |
8
8
8
8
8
8
15
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8 |
82(TE)
90
90
85
90
90
90
90
90
90
80
90
90
90
90 |
715.703.480
715.703.040
715.701.650
715.702.260
715.702.250
715.000270 |
PC
2100 30x30x6 NIR
PC
2100 30x64x10 NIR
PC 2100 30x110x16 NIR
PC 2100 50x50x10 NIR
PC 2100 50x110x16 NIR
PC 2100 50x140x20 NIR |
800
800
800
800
800
800 |
8
8
8
8
8
8 |
90
90
90
90
90
90 |
715.000129
715.701.970
715.701.230
715.703.360
715.701.630
715.703.370
715.701.530
715.703.580
715.703.350
715.703.540
715.702.560
715.700.650 |
PC
2200 25x25x6 NIR
PC 2200 30x30x6
NIR
PC 2200 30x110x16 NIR
PC 2200 50x50x10 765 nm
PC 2200 50x50x10 NIR
PC 2200 50x110x16 765 nm
PC 2200 50x110x16 NIR
PC 2200 50x110x16 NIR
PC 2200 100x140x20 NIR
PC 2200 100x140x20 NIR
PC 2200 100x140x20 NIR
PC 2200 110x110x16 NIR |
800
800
800
765
800
765
800
800
800
800
800
800 |
8
8
8
16
8
16
8
15
8
13
21
8 |
90
90
90
88
90
88
90
88
90
90
85
90 |
715.000208
715.702.850
715.702.190
715.701.450
715.702.800 |
PC
2300 25x25x6 NIR
PC 2300 30x30x6 NIR
PC 2300 30x64x10 NIR
PC 2300 30x110x16 NIR
PC 2300 50x50x10 NIR |
800
800
800
800
800 |
8
8
8
15
8 |
88
88
88
88
88 |
715.701.990
715.701.980
715.701.350
715.701.340 |
PC
2400 30x30x6 NIR
PC 2400 30x64x10 NIR
PC 2400 30x110x16 800 nm
PC 2400 50x50x10 800 nm |
800
800
800
800 |
8
8
8
8 |
87
87
87
87 |
(U) ULE, (Z) Zerodur
Pulse Compression Gratings
These gratings are especially suited for use in laser pulse compression
experiments. High diffraction efficiency, in combination with good spectral
quality and high damage resistance makes these gratings useful in all
kinds of laser pulse applications; both pulse compression using optical
fibre grating pairs, and for amplification of pulses with chirped pulse
amplification.
Fibre
grating compressor
When a short laser pulse is transmitted through an optical fibre, the
pulse will be stretched, or "chirped" due to nonlinear effects
(selfphase modulation). The group velocity dispersion in the fibre results
in that the front of the pulse will have a longer wavelength than the
tail. By using a pair of gratings one can arrange so that the long wavelength
pulse will travel a longer path than the short wavelength pulse, with
the result that, after the grating pair, they arrive at the same time.
The grating pair not only compensates for the pulse broadening in the
fibre, but makes the pulse even shorter than the input; up to 90 times
compression can be achieved.
Chirped
pulse amplification
Very short pulses (100 femtoseconds) can be produced by some types of
mode locked lasers. For many applications, these pulses have too low
peak power. The technique of chirped pulse amplification (CPA) can be
used for amplifying such pulses, to achieve peak powers in the order
of Terawatts.
The amplifier is basically a laser crystal inside a resonator. To avoid
strong nonlinear effects which would destroy the crystal, the input
pulse is stretched in time, so that the peak power is decreased. This
chirped pulse is then amplified, and subsequently compressed to obtain
a high power pulse with a duration nearly equal to the input pulse.
Stretching
and compression with grating pairs
Both stretching and compressing utilize grating pairs, arranged in subtractive
dispersive mode; so that the angular dispersion of the first grating
is cancelled by the second grating. Two parallel beams of different
wavelengths, incident on the first grating, are still parallel when
they leave the second grating, but they have travelled different distances.
A grating pair arranged parallel as in fig.A, will introduce a negative
group velocity dispersion, i.e. pulses of long wavelength arrive later
than short wave pulses.
In order to achieve a positive dispersive delay, a more complicated
arrangement is necessary. Fig.B shows such an arrangement, normally
used in the stretcher stage. An afocal lens system (telescope) is inserted
between the gratings. The telescope reverses the sign of the angles
so that the beams will hit the second grating at the same angle as they
leave the first one.
Both stretcher and compressor are normally used in double pass. The
advantages are twofold: the dispersion is doubled, and all wavelength
components of the beam emerge colinear, not linearly translated as shown
in the figure for single pass.
Extremely
low stray light
The gratings are holographically recorded with two highly collimated,
clean and homogeneous beams, which give straight and equispaced grooves.
The diffracted light is free from "ghosts" and give very low
levels of randomly scattered light.
High
efficiency and low loss
The groove profile of the pulse compression gratings is optimized to
give maximum efficiency for light polarized perpendicularly to the grooves
(TM polarization).
Absolute efficiency of a pulse compresslon grating, 1800 gr/mm,
gold coated, in Littrow configuration |
The efficiency depends on the wavelength and configuration, but frequently
an absolute efficiency of more than 90% for each grating is achieved.
The figure shows the efficiency of a gold coated grating with 1800 grooves/mm,
in a Littrow configuration.
Not only the diffraction efficiency is important. In order to avoid
thermal effects, the absorption in the grating surface should be as
small as possible. Therefore, a coating material with high reflectance
should be used. In the NIR region, gold coated gratings have the best
performance.
Flat
diffracted wavefront
The
combination of a flat grating surface and a holographic exposure setup
of high optical quality, gives a flat diffracted wavefront. This gives
the possibility to focus the laser pulse to high intensities.
